Transformation

Transformation কে ভাংলে আমরা ২টি আলাদা অংশ পাই । যেমন-Trans এবং formation, যেখানে Trans অর্থ পরিবর্তন এবং formation অর্থ গঠন । সুতরাং ১টি Sentence কে Transformation করার জন্য আমরা Sentence এর গঠনের পরিবর্তন করতে পারব । কোন ভাবেই তার Sentence এর অর্থের পরিবর্তন করতে পারব না ।

যেমন- He is a good boy.  অর্থ সে ভাল বালক Sentence এর Negative হবে He is not a good boy. অর্থাৎ সে খারাপ বালক নয় । তেমনিভাবে Structural পরিবর্তন এর মাধ্যমে আমরা Transformation করব ।

Transformation মূলত আমরা ৫ ধরনের Sentence এর করে থাকি । যেমন-

1. Transformation of Sentence  – According to Meaning
2. Transformation of Sentence – According to Structure
3. Transformation of Sentence – According to Voice
4. Transformation of Sentence – According to Degree
5. Transformation of Sentence – According to Speech/Narration

এখন আসি এ  Transformation গুলির Details আলোচনায় । এগুলি কত প্রকার ও কিকি ধরনের পরিবর্তন হয় । প্রথমে বলি-

Transformation of Sentence According to Meaning

According to Meaning sentences are of 5 kinds

1. Assertive

Assertive Sentence আবার দুই প্রকার ।যথা-

(a) Affirmative sentence

(b) Negative sentence

2. Interrogative
3. Imperative
4. Optative
5. Exclamatory

Now read the post: Sentence Definition, types/kinds, example and Exercise

So আমরা দেখতে পাচ্ছি Transformation এর জন্য নিচের Rules গুলি শিখতে হবে ।

Transformation Rules According to Sentence Meaning:

Rule: 1-Affirmative to Negative/Negative to Affirmative-Part-01

Rule: 2-Affirmative to Negative/Negative to Affirmative-Part-02

Rule: 3-Affirmative to Negative/Negative to Affirmative-Part-03

Rule: 4-Assertive to Interrogative/Interrogative to Assertive-Part-01

Rule: 5-Assertive to Interrogative/Interrogative to Assertive-Part-02

Rule: 6-Assertive to Interrogative/Interrogative to Assertive-Part-03

Rule: 7. Assertive to Imperative/ Imperative to Assertive.

Rule: 8. Assertive to Optative/ Optative to Assertive.

Rule: 9. Assertive to Exclamatory/ Exclamatory to Assertive

Degrees:

এবার আসি ২য় যে Transformation type নিয়ে বলেছিলাম ।যেমন-

Degree তিন প্রকার । যেমন-

1. Positive Degree
2. Comparative Degree
3. Superlative Degree

Now read the post: All Basic Idea About Changing of Degree:

So, Transformation Rule দাড়ায়-

1. Positive to Comparative/Superlative
2. Comparative to Positive/Superlative
3. Superlative to Positive/Comparative.

উপরের ৩টি এর মোট ৪(চার) টি শিখলেই সব শেখা যাবে মোটামুটি ।

চারটি হলো-

Rule:1-Use of No other, than any other, the and superlative degree
Rule:2-Use of Very few, than most other, one of the and superlative degree
Rule:3-As—as and more/less—–than
Rule:4-As soon as and No sooner had

Voice

এখন আসি এ  Transformation গুলির Changing of voice আলোচনায়। Sentence এর Voice অনুযায়ী voice ২ প্রকার । যথা-

1. Active Voice
2. Passive Voice

তাই According to voice, Transformation করতে হবে

1. Active to Passive
2. Passive to Active

Active to passive এর জন্য Rule শিখতে হবে মোট ১৬ টি

Assertive Sentence:

Rule: 0 Now read the post: Voice Change-All basic idea

Rule: 1 Basic Rule (Person/Structure)-Subject & Object

Rule: 2 Basic Rule-Tense (Simple Auxiliary Verb-12 Tenses and Modal Auxiliary Verb-17)

Rule: 3 Basic Rule-Principal Verbs (All Past Participle Form)

Rule: 4 Basic Rule- Prepositions-by/at/on/to/with

Rule: 5 Basic Rule-Subject & Object

Rule: 6- Extra 0bject/Double object

Rule: 7- Compound Sentence/Complex sentence

Rule: 8- Intransitive verb

Rule: 9- Reflexive object, factitive object, Cognate object

Rule: 10- Quasi passive

Rule: 11- Infinitive

Rule: 12-Gerund combination

Rule: 13- One

Interrogative sentence

Rule: 14- Auxiliary verb Rule

Rule: 15- WH question Rule

Imperative sentence

Rule: 16- Imperative sentence

Transformation of Sentence-According to Structure

According to Structure Sentences are of 3 kinds

1.  Simple Sentence
2.  Compound Sentence
3.  Complex Sentence

So transformation will be according to structure

1.  Simple Sentence to Compound Sentence/ Complex Sentence
2.  Compound Sentence to Simple Sentence/ Complex Sentence
3.  Complex Sentence to Simple Sentence/ Compound Sentence

Read the post at first : Transformation of sentence -according to structure Basic Idea

উপরের ৩টি type এর Transformation করার জন্য মোট ১৪টি Rules শিখতে ও জানতে হবে

Rule: 01

Rule: 02

Rule: 03

Rule: 04

Rule: 05

Rule: 06

Rule: 07

Rule: 08

Rule: 09

Rule: 10

Rule: 11

Rule: 12

Rule: 13

Rule: 14

Speech/Narration

এখন আমনা শিখব কিভাবে Speech/Narration  এর transformation হয় ।

Speech/Narration ২ প্রকার ।যথা-

Speech অনুযায়ী ২ ধরনের হয় । যথা-

1.       Direct Speech
2.       Indirect Speech

সাধারণত আমরা Direct to Indirect Speech শিখে থাকি পরীক্ষার জন্য । আর এই Direct to Indirect Speech করা হয় According to sentence meaning এর উপর নির্ভর করে । So আমরা  Sentence এর উপর নির্ভর করে Direct to Indirect করা শিখব ।

Assertive Sentence

Now read the post at first: Changing Speech Basic Rule

Read more of the post: How to identify different types of sentence
Rule: 01 Narration rules of reporting verb and linker 
Rule: 02 Narration rules of person changing
Rule: 03 Narration rules of tense
Rule: 04 Narration rules of modal auxiliary verb
Rule: 05 Narration rules of near and distance words

Interrogative Sentence

Rule: 06 Use of Auxiliary Verb

Rule: 07 Use of WH Question

Imperative  Sentence

Rule: 08 Use of various reporting verbs

Rule: 09 Use of Addressing

Rule: 10 Use of Addressing

Optative Sentence

Rule: 11

Exclamatory Sentence

Rule: 12

Passage Narration Rules:

Rule: 13

Rule: 14

Rule: 15

Rule: 16

Rule: 17

Rule: 18

Rule: 19

Rule: 20

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Md Sayed Ali

I am an English Teacher of KGSC, Dhaka. I am also a Content Writer and a Motion Graphics Designer. Teaching in the classroom is my profession and writing content for the website is my passion. I also love to play with Motion Graphics as a freelancer.

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